Global energy consumption is growing explosively. Some countries, particularly in Asia, are experiencing spectacular economic development accompanied by an increase in their energy consumption (that of China is expected to exceed that of Europe in 2010).
Current energy saving policies are motivated by the depletion of certain resources, economic and geopolitical considerations and concern for preserving the environment. Indeed, the intensive consumption of fossil fuels has led to a scarcity of resources which can be exploited today, while their combustion pollutes the air and produces greenhouse gases. In addition, the economy of many countries is weakened by their dependence on oil and gas exporting countries.
However, energy savings can only be considered in economically developed countries. Today, 2 billion people do not yet have access to electricity.
Can alternative energies (geothermal, wind, solar, ocean, etc.) be a massive substitute for fossil fuels? Which sectors are accessible to energy savings? What could be the impact of energy saving policies?