08/12/2005
Reduction of greenhouse emissions: the state of emergency
The reality is scary: greenhouse gas emissions are twice what the planet can absorb! Despite efforts by manufacturers to reduce the CO2 emission rate of vehicles, transportation remains the leading producer of pollutant emissions. There are, however, ways to improve.
At the symposium on sustainable development organized by the Corporate Vehicle Observatory (CVO), the audience was confronted with a frightening reality: "We currently emit 6 billion tons of carbon effect The earth is capable of absorbing only 3 billion tons, "explains André-Jean Guérin, general engineer at the Ministry of Ecology and the Environment. "In the 2050, world population will reach 9 billion. To not endanger our ecosystem, each individual must not emit more than 300 kg CO2 year. Either 4 times less than what we emit today in France every year, "he adds.
In the current state of things, the temperature could further increase by 6 ° C by the end of the century. "This increase is equivalent to the one that brought us from the Ice Age to today, so I'll let you imagine what future awaits us if we do not act quickly," says Guerin.
Second observation: transport is the first CO2 emission center (27% of the total). "It is also the one that is evolving the fastest and whose growth should not decline," added Mr. Guérin. Indeed, for the automotive sector alone, the world fleet has 850 million vehicles and could count 1,2 billion in 2020.
Renault and PSA at an average emission of 148,5 g CO2 / km
"The car does not mean the worst student. Both wheels emit more emissions than cars," protested André Douaud, technical director of French auto manufacturers (CCFA). "The manufacturers have made extraordinary efforts to reduce emissions from their vehicles. Between 1971 and 2005, they reduced over 97% reduction in HC and NOx emissions", he argues.
The problem "is more due to the age of the current fleet (more than 7,5 years) that technological capabilities of recent vehicles," adds Mr. Douaud. According to his calculations, if the 35 million French fleet vehicles met all Euro IV standards, CO2 emissions would be reduced by up to 86% compared to the current situation.
Moreover, "while the European Commission imposes 2008 for an average emission levels of new vehicles sold in 140 CO2 g per km for 2008 (weighted average for the VN registrations), French manufacturers were already producing vehicles in 2003 whose average emission rate was 148,5 CO2 g per km (in France, a market 2 million cars, the average is 154 g) ". Also, "if we continue on this path, 2020, automotive and transport more generally will not be the most polluting industries. They then pass behind the burning of wood in domestic homes," says Douaud.
In addition, "Diesel vehicles are much less polluting than gasoline vehicles," says Douaud. Thus, 2004, 1 392 925 the average emitted Park Diesel vehicles 149 CO2 g per km when those petrol engine (617 449 units) in emitted 162 g on average. "If we want to achieve the target set by the European Commission, it will require a strong dieselisation of the park," concludes Mr. Douaud. An analysis that does not take into account the emission of particles specific to Diesel and very carcinogenic.
Pathways to exploit more
Can we nevertheless continue to promote conventional motor vehicles to reach 300 kg of CO2 issued per capita in 2050? Consider now the diesel vehicle emits the least CO2 proposed by a French manufacturer: Citroen Hdi C2 1.4 with 107 g / km (1,07 kg every ten kilometers away). After driving 2 803 km, the driver will have already consumed his critical 300 kg quota of CO2 emissions. The demonstration is dangerous: we are only in 2005, manufacturers continue to improve their engines, everyone does not, we do not have 9 billion people ... Nevertheless, beyond the fact that reserves global oil will one day be exhausted (in 30, 40 or 50 years) and it will inevitably find alternative energy sources, the development of alternative energy is already a necessity. And if they exist, they are still very little exploited. At present, 98% of energy used in transport comes from oil. The French park (35 million vehicles) has only 220 000 "clean" vehicles, including 4 500 rolling NGV (natural gas for vehicles), 5 000 to electricity and almost 3 000 hybrids (Toyota Prius).
The state is committed to encourage the purchase of such vehicles through an increase in the tax credit (of € 1 525, 2 000 it passes the € 1er January 2006) for the acquisition of a hybrid vehicle, LPG or CNG. At the same time, the government is implementing a labeling system for new cars, showing their CO2 emission rate. It also provides for an increase of the registration certificate for the most polluting cars. But will these measures really allow the development of so-called "clean" vehicles? We could be interested in this experience of the Chinese government that has just commissioned a British NGO 20 cities totally autonomous energy. It is perhaps in these regions of the developing world that completely new approaches could lead to the emergence of radically innovative solutions.
Emilie Binois
For LPG vehicles, it is missing: the premium will only be granted to vehicles emitting less than 140 g CO2 / km, which excludes a majority of vehicles and only applies to Renault Clio and Twingo. .... all the rest of the park is excluded.
I'm noticing to some that the specialist gentleman talks about clean vehicles for LPG / CNG.
In my opinion, the Chinese will "kill" us economically but we leave the M ..... ecologically, they will come out of clean cars .... they ... they had in their hands the patent of Mr Pantone ???? Christophe .... make them a sign
