4 kg of dry grass 1 kg of oil => Grégoire Kaplan

crude vegetable oil, diester, bio-ethanol or other biofuels, or fuel of vegetable origin ...
dedeleco
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by dedeleco » 17/01/12, 01:15

For those who believe that oil will disappear, there are plenty of ways to do with the sun, and even directly with a microalgae bacterium capable of containing 85% of the weight of its body in perfect oil, identical to that of oil wells, without any necessary transformation, moreover without pollution like sulfur of oil wells.

Simply grow in water in tubes in the sun and remove the almost pure oil formed by the algae virtually without transformation.
Desert oil countries with plenty of sun will continue to provide us with oil, tubes or ponds of culture of these algae. !!

We know the microalgae that make oil directly Botryococcus braunii known as a botryococcenes, which fill their body of oil with 85% of their dry weight, then buried in the ground, ideal for making oil, but they grow 8 times more slowly than the other algae, which should allow to use them in a little less hurry:
http://www.physorg.com/news187634357.html
http://www.physorg.com/news187634357.html

races of the green algae typically "accumulate hydrocarbons from to 30 percent to 40 percent of their dry weight, and are capable of obtaining hydrocarbon contents up to 86 percent of their dry weight.

The fuels derived from B. braunii hydrocarbons are chemically identical to gasoline, diesel and kerosene, "Devarenne said." Thus, we do not call them biodiesel or bio-gasoline; they are simply diesel and gasoline

Scientists do groundwork for genetic mapping of algae biofuel species
Using green algae to produce hydrocarbon oil for biofuel production is nothing new; nature has been doing so for millions of years, according to Texas AgriLife Research Scientist.

"Oils from the green algae Botryococcus braunii can be readily detected in petroleum deposits and coal deposits suggesting that B. braunii has been a contributor to developing these deposits and may be the major contributor, "said Dr. Timothy Devarenne, AgriLife Research scientist with the Texas A&M University department of biochemistry and biophysics . "This means that we are already using these oils to produce gasoline from petroleum."

It's not just a science trivia gee-whiz, Devarenne said. B. braunii is a prime candidate for biofuel production some races of the green algae typically "accumulate hydrocarbons from to 30 percent to 40 percent of their dry weight, and are capable of obtaining hydrocarbon contents up to 86 percent of their dry weight.

"As a group, algae may be the only photosynthetic organism capable of producing enough biofuel to meet transportation fuel demands."

Devarenne is part of a team of other scientists with AgriLife Research, the University of Kentucky and the University of Tokyo trying to understand more about B. braunii, including its genetic sequence and its family history.

"Without understanding how the cellular machinery of a given algae works on the molecular level, it won't be possible to improve characteristics such as oil production, faster growth rates or increased photosynthesis," Devarenne said.

Like most green algae, B. braunii is able OF PRODUCING great water equivalent of hydrocarbon oils in a very small land area.

B. braunii algae show promise Particular not Just Because of Their high output of oil goal aussi Because of the kind of oil They Produce, Devarenne said. While Many high-oil-producing algae create vegetable oils deviation, the oil from B. braunii, Known As botryococcenes, are similar to petroleum.

"The fuels derived from B. braunii hydrocarbons are chemically identical to gasoline, diesel and kerosene," Devarenne said. "Thus, we do not call them biodiesel or bio-gasoline; they are simply diesel and gasoline. To produce these fuels from B. braunii, the hydrocarbons are processed exactly the same as petroleum is processed and thus generates the exact same fuels. , these B. braunii hydrocarbons are a main constituent of petroleum. So there is no difference other than the millions of years petroleum spent underground. "

But, a shortcoming of B. braunii is its relatively slow growth rate. While the algae that produce 'vegetable-type' oils can double their growth every six to 12 hours, He Said.

"Thus, getting large amounts of oil from B. braunii is more time consuming and thus more costly," Devarenne said. "So, by knowing the genome sequence we can possibly identify genes involved in cell division and manipulate them to reduce the doubling rate."

Despite these characteristics and economic potential of algae, only six species of genetically modified organisms have fully sequenced and annotated, Devarenne said. And B. braunii is not one of the six.

B. braunii and sequencing its genome.

They are working the Berkeley strain of the B race of B. braunii, so named because it was first isolated at the University of California at Berkeley. The team has determined the genome size and an estimate of the race-guanine-cytosine content, both of which are essential to mapping the full genome, he said. There are also A and L breeds of B. braunii, but they were not looked at by the team.

Guanine-cytosine bonds are one of the basic peers composing DNA structure. Adenine-thymine is the other possible base pair.

"Genomes with high guanine-cytosine content can be difficult to sequence and knowing the guanine-cytosine content can help to assess the amount of resources needed for genome sequencing," Devarenne said.

The team determined B. braunii's genome size to be 166.2 ± 2.2 million base pairs, Devarenne said. The size of the human genome is about 3.1 billion base pairs. That of the house mouse is also about 3 billion base pairs. But the B. braunii genome size is larger than any of the other six previously sequenced green algae genomes.

The team also looked at the phylogenetic placement of B. braunii - where it belongs in the family tree of similar algae species. They may be known to be of the opinion that the genetics of B. braunii may be different from those of the genetics of humans. by another algal species.

To check this, they used a process called reverse transcription to isolate genes from a pure culture of the B race of B. braunii, and then to confirm the relationship of the race to other races of B. braunii.

"Our results support the original Berkeley DNA sequence used for phylogenetic placement was from a contaminating algae," Devarenne said. "And our study places the B race of B. braunii in the correct location on the 'algal family tree'."

The actual genome sequencing and mapping will be performed by DOE's Joint Genome Institute.

"We've submitted genomic DNA from B. braunii for JGI to use in sequencing, but that hasn't begun yet," he said.
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dedeleco
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by dedeleco » 17/01/12, 01:32

As it is necessary to CO2 to properly feed these algae, a cheap way to extract the CO2 from the air to reduce its concentration and cultivate better algae, a very fine silica gel impregnated with polyethylenimine captures CO2 air even wet and with poor concordance:

New materials remove CO2 from smokestacks, tailpipes and even the air
http://www.physorg.com/news/2012-01-mat ... s-air.html

Scientists are reporting discovery of an improved way to remove carbon dioxide - the major greenhouse gases that contribute to global warming - from smokestacks and other sources, including the atmosphere. Their report on the process, which achieves some of the highest carbon dioxide removal rates ever reported for real-world conditions where the air contains moisture, appears in the Journal of the American Chemical Society.
Alain Goeppert, GK Surya Prakash, Nobel Laureate Chemist George A. Olah and colleagues explain that controlling carbon dioxide emissions (CO2) is one of the biggest challenges facing humanity in the 21st century. These are the methods of removing carbon dioxide from other sources, including the atmosphere, are energy intensive, do not work well and have other drawbacks. In an effort to overcome such obstacles, the group turned to solid materials based on polyethylenimine, readily available and inexpensive polymeric material.

These tests show that these inexpensive materials achieve some of the highest carbon dioxide removal rates ever reported for the air, under conditions that stymie other related materials. After capturing carbon dioxide, the materials can easily be used in the production of CO2. The capture material can be recycled and reused many times. The researchers suggest the materials may be useful in submarines, in smokestacks or in the open atmosphere, where they could clean up the carbon dioxide pollution. human activity.

More information: Carbon Dioxide Capture from the Air Using a Polyamine Based Regenerable Solid Adsorbent, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2011, 133 (50), pp 20164-20167. DOI: 10.1021 / ja2100005

Abstract
Easy to prepare solid materials based on fumed silica impregnated with polyethylenimine (PEI) They have been found to be superior adsorbents for the capture of carbon dioxide directly from air. During the initial hours of the experiments, these adsorbents effectively scrubbed the CO2 from the air despite its very low concentration. The effect of moisture on the adsorption and temperature control. Regenerative ability has also been determined in a series of adsorption / desorption cycles.
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by dedeleco » 17/01/12, 01:59

Finally to convert organic matter from algae or other herbs like Kaplan, into fuel oil, a solid catalyst that makes it directly simply with ordinary plant material such as seaweed, for 40% cheaper than other methods, without water pollution.
So we should not run out of oil without increasing CO2 given the limitless amount of algae, with a yield for the same area of ​​land, 100 at 300 times that for soybean, without reducing farmland, with algae grown in the seas or deserts, to make oil:


Economical, eco-friendly process for making biodiesel fuel from algae

http://www.physorg.com/news157272282.html
Chemists reported development of what they termed the first economy, eco-friendly process convert algae oil into biodiesel fuel - a discovery they predict the future of fuel oil.

One of the problems with current methods for producing biodiesel from the market, and the New York researchers say that their innovative process is at least less expensive. Supply will not be a problem: There is a limitless amount of algae growing in oceans, lakes, and rivers, throughout the world.

Another benefit from the "continuously flowing fixed-bed" method to create algae biodiesel, they add, is that there is no wastewater produced to cause pollution.

"This is the first economical way to produce biodiesel from algae oil," according to lead researcher Ben Wen, Ph.D., vice president of United Environment and Energy LLC, Horseheads, NY "It costs much less than conventional processes because you would need a much smaller factory, there are no water disposal costs, and the process is considerably faster. "

A key advantage of this new process, he says, is that it uses a proprietary solid catalyst developed at his company instead of liquid catalysts used by other scientists today. First, the solid catalyst can be used over and over. Second, it allows the continuous flow of biodiesel production, compared to the method using a liquid catalyst. That process is one of the most important steps in producing biodiesel. They need to purify the biodiesel by neutralizing the base catalyst by adding acid. No such action is needed to treat the solid catalyst, Wen explains.

He estimates algae has an "oil-per-acre production rate 100-300 times the amount of soybeans, and offers the highest yield feedstock for biodiesel and the most promising source for mass biodiesel production to replace transportation fuel in the United States. "He says that his firm is now conducting a pilot program for the process with a production capacity of nearly 1 million gallons of algae biodiesel per year. the size of the machinery and the plant, he said it is possible that a company could produce up to 50 million gallons of algae biodiesel annually.

Wen also says that the solid catalyst can be adapted to mobile units so that smaller companies would not be able to build plants and the military could use the process in the field.
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Dedeleco, Omega -3




by Obamot » 17/01/12, 06:48

dedeleco wrote:nothing to do with oil with grass.


So why do you post it wrong if it has nothing to do with it?

Obamot wrote:
dedeleco post links to erroneous references and wrote:They have oil from algae industry works

"[...] A ton of nutrients Type omega 3, for exemple"


One should never say (or see without reading) formulation 'Type of omega 3 ", archi false!

For in this beneficial configuration "CIS" (which means "on the same side"), that is to say that their two hydrogen atoms are found to be "on the same side" of the plane formed by the carbon-carbon double bond, nothing can be said other than:

omega -3

Image

Since it starts counting from the end -1, -3, -6, -9 ...

It's really the "b" _ "a" ... ba : Shock: because otherwise "TRANS"This is just the opposite: harmful to health!


And why do you post things that you can not do that slab ...

... your oil grass is good! Image
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dedeleco
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by dedeleco » 17/01/12, 13:34

Obamot smoked a lot with omega + 3 and pollutes this forum with his smoke and his obsessions, instead of going to breathe the good air in the sun of his beautiful Swiss mountains, mounted in sealskin 3000m and down in skiing, very effective for health and that I strongly advise him to do.
Thus, he will be less angry, instead of staying wrapped up in front of his computer, not to catch a cold, obsessed with his omega + -3, that younger, he never ate with unhealthy foods, and that a doctor has explain to him, that he had to eat the good omegas, to no longer be sick !!
For normal eating, I never needed a doctor, nor an omega-3 counter, every bite, or every post on econology.

He did not understand anything at solar oil cheaper, than the barrel of oil wells, obtained from all vegetable waste, instead of throwing it and burning it anywhere outdoors, in the links and info of that forum, polluted by Obamot, obsessed by his omegas.

It's an effective way, profitable to stop the rise of CO2, without changing anything in our lifestyle by using the sun.
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Obamot
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by Obamot » 17/01/12, 13:37

You hurt yourself alone!

When you ignore something, just say:
"I do not know" ... "Explain to me" ...

And everyone will understand.
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