Raoult is a little player in the face of neo-Mengele who concoct for us "messenger ARM" vaccines based on nanoparticles ...
In early April, the American company Moderna Therapeutics is to inject 45 participants with the first doses of its experimental vaccine against the virus responsible for Covid-19. It is the first time that a vaccine candidate has been tested so quickly on humans. Meeting with Ian Haydon, one of the volunteers.
To stop the coronavirus, we need a vaccine quickly - and volunteers ready to receive it. Several products are being studied, but the first to be tested on humans comes from the laboratories of Moderna Therapeutics, a company whose technology has enabled the fastest ever launch of a vaccine trial.
The first step is underway. It consists in verifying that the vaccine is not dangerous and that it does indeed provoke an immune response. In March, after a call for volunteers, 45 people were called to come to the Kaiser Permanente health center in Seattle. They must sign a 20-page disclaimer, recognizing that there may be risks and that the vaccine is unlikely to help them. They also agree to undergo a series of blood tests in the following months, in order to share their genetic information, and undertake not to have children for the duration of the study.
We spoke with Ian Haydon, communications specialist at the University of Washington. He explained to us why he decided to participate in the study and how he was selected.
You will be one of the first 45 people to receive a Covid-19 vaccine in Seattle. Why did you decide to do it?
It's a good question. I am an institutional information specialist at the University of Washington (Seattle), in particular for the Institute for Protein Design, which does research on the Covid-19. In the laboratory, there are currently 35 researchers working on a vaccine. The others stay at home. I never took part in such studies, but I attended these scientists and it seemed logical to me to participate in a different way.
When will you be vaccinated?
April 8, 9 a.m. I will be injected with a second dose a month later.
How were you chosen?
I was especially lucky. I heard about the project from a lab colleague who announced the recruitment on Slack [a collaborative communication platform]. I sent a file: they wanted to know my health history and my age. I did not expect to be contacted as they had hundreds of responses. But it did. I went for a check-up and a blood test, and I was told about the study. I was asked if I was still interested, I answered yes and I signed.
Have you had no regrets?
No. I very much hoped that someone would call me back.
How old are you ?
I am 29 years old.
What are the risks, in your opinion?
They are not very important, but they do exist. First, there is the risk of anaphylactic shock [a severe allergic response] - which can be a problem for a small number of people, and this is not just about this study. The second risk is called “facilitation of antibody infection” [when the vaccine worsens the disease], it is not known if it affects Covid-19. This is part of what the researchers are going to study, I imagine. And the third risk is what we did not anticipate. Such a risk exists for any vaccine, especially if it uses new technology.
How does the vaccine work?
It is a messenger RNA vaccine. Part of the genetic code of the virus is integrated into the vaccine, in a lipid nanoparticle. When injected into a subject like me, it is supposed to produce a protein - in the case of this coronavirus, a protein “spike” (the protein of the protuberances that form the crown of the virus). This is what is supposed to trigger the reaction of my immune system, which should then produce antibodies. The vaccine provides the genetic material, not the protein directly.
See also Research. We begin to understand the biology of the virus
How soon will you produce antibodies?
This will be monitored throughout the trial, over a year. At each visit, my antibodies and my immune cells (leukocytes) will be examined.
Have you researched this technology a bit?
Yes a little bit. As I understand it, this vaccination technique based on lipid nanoparticles has been tested in phase 1 trials, for infections other than coronavirus. In fact, from what the clinicians have told me, I especially remember that one in three patients who received a messenger RNA vaccine had severe pain that hampered their activities during the day. It worries me a little.
What is your point of view on Moderna?
I think their technology is great, I'm glad it can be tested. It could have applications not only for Covid-19, but also for many other diseases. Moderna is really on the front line today. In my opinion, the company made a very good decision in seeking to develop a vaccine against Covid-19 and to test it on humans in the midst of a pandemic. They seem to be betting big on this vaccine, I hope it will work.
How much are you paid to be a volunteer?
I think it's 100 dollars [about 92 euros] per visit, so about 1 dollars if we do them all.
Did Covid-19 affect you personally?
Like almost everyone, I would say. Our lives are turned upside down by the pandemic - telecommuting, being confined, especially when we live in Seattle [the first epicenter of the Covid-19 pandemic in the United States]. Some of the barriers between my private life and my professional life have been blown up. Many people experience it. I know many scientists at the university who have volunteered to process the clinical trial samples that arrive at the lab. It is not their main job. Professional habits have changed. I have not been close to the infection itself, but I can feel it all around me.
Also read Apple tree. Confined during the Great Plague, Isaac Newton had effectively teleworked
The clinical trial documentation states that the safety study lasts fourteen months. Why so long?
I have heard that we will have a clear idea of safety from the third month. If the safety data is clear by the third month and the Covid-19 continues to wreak havoc, I would expect to see phase 2 trials start early. But these clinical trials cannot be accelerated very much. A new vaccine candidate has never been tested so quickly on humans, although I must say that I did not feel rushed. All the people I encountered were calm and extremely professional.
Do you think there is a chance that the vaccine will protect you?
It's possible, I imagine. But part of the researchers' job is to assess different dosages, so I'm not participating in the project telling myself that my immunity is coming soon.
The consent form states that all trial participants must use contraception. Why ?
I asked myself the question, I have certain theories on this subject. I had to promise to use condoms. I wonder if, in the case of a genetic vaccine, we are not trying to prevent the birth of a new generation of children who have the vaccine messenger RNA in their genetic heritage.
Do you think DNA could end up in the germ line, in your sperm?
It is a hypothesis. I imagine that regulatory authorities, or Moderna itself, have considered this possibility, but would not take the risk that it would happen. Whether or not there is a molecular mechanism that makes this possible, it seems reasonable not to go this route.
How does it feel to know that you help so directly?
I am lucky to be healthy enough to participate in this study. I was also lucky to have been selected from a large population group, and I would like many people in my case to take the plunge and participate in the study.
https://www.courrierinternational.com/a ... -ce-vaccinGood luck to all the guinea pigs ...
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